Potatoes require large amounts of fertilizer. A soil pH of 6.0 to 6.5 is considered most desirable; however, scab disease will usually be less severe when pH is between 5.0 and 5.2. Have a soil test done at your local Cooperative Extension Service office.
In addition to the base application of fertilizer worked into the garden soil, add about 1/4 pound of 10-20-10 for each 75 feet of row. Work this into the bottom of the furrow and mix with soil before planting the seed pieces.