Salmonella are generally motile, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria. They are widespread in the environment and are associated with all animal species including mammals (including humans), birds, reptiles, and amphibians. Salmonella have been found in water, soil, and insects; on factory and kitchen surfaces; and in animal feces, raw meats, poultry, and seafood. Although these are common sources, Salmonella has been isolated from numerous other food sources.

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