There are several changes that can be observed in the mare prior to foaling. Normally, the mare's udder will increase in size the last two weeks prior to foaling, and you may observe relaxation of the ligaments alongside the mare's tailhead. The teats will fill with colostrum approximately 24 to 48 hours prior to foaling. Development of a wax-like substance (waxing) on the end of the teats normally occurs during the 24 to 48 hours prior to foaling, but it may occur earlier or not at all in some mares. Normally, in the last 24 hours prior to foaling, the mare may start to drip milk from the teats. In terms of predicting foaling, the occurrence and timing of these signs will differ between individual mares, but this provides some idea of what to look for leading up to foaling. In the hours prior to foaling, the mare will become restless, may not eat normal feed ration, may be more aggressive or disagreeable than usual, or show other changes from normal behavior. The mare may frequently get up, lie down, get up, pace the stall, etc. in an effort to get comfortable. When the mare shows these signs, normally foaling can be expected probably within the next 12 hours.

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