Generally when a cotton boll reaches maturity it will begin to change to a darker green color with also some red coloration. These mature bolls will be hard to cut in cross-section with a knife. Once cut in cross-section the cotton seed will be visible. Mature bolls will have brown to black seed coats with the cotyledons (or seed leaves) fully developed.
FAQ #26031
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How do you determine when a cotton boll is physiologically mature?
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