A Doctor of Medicine (MD) and a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO or Osteopath) generally have the same educational background and length of study. Both are required to complete an undergraduate degree followed by 4 years of medical school and then a residency program. A residency program is done in the area of specialty chosen by the physician, such as surgery, gynecology or psychiatry. All physicians must then pass state licensure requirements and examinations.
For more information, visit http://www.extension.org/pages/Medical_Professionals_Explained.