FAQ #28398

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What is an atom?

An atom is the smallest part of a chemical element.

An atom consists of an electron cloud of negatively charged electrons that surrounds a dense nucleus. This nucleus contains positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons. When the number of protons in the nucleus equals the number of electrons, the atom is electrically neutral; otherwise it is an ion and has a either net positive charge or net negative charge.

An atom is classified according to its number of protons and neutrons: the number of protons determines the chemical element and the number of neutrons indicates the isotope of that element.

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