Cabbage grows in cool temperatures, but it is well adapted to home gardens from March to December (Zones 6 and 7). It will withstand temperatures down to 20 degrees F.
Cabbage heads differ in size, hardiness, shape, color, and leaf type. Cabbage can be used fresh or made into sauerkraut. Buy locally grown transplants or start your own in growing structures four to six weeks before the planting date. A few seeds can be sown in the cold frame or garden every month up to July 15 to have cabbage plants to set at intervals during the season.
Plants take about three weeks from seeding to setting during the summer months. Plant only the earliest-maturing varieties after July 5.
Plant spacing affects head size; close spacing (9 to 12 inches apart in the row) produces small heads. The average spacing is 14 to 16 inches apart in rows spaced 30 inches apart. Varieties for sauerkraut are planted at the wider spacing.
Harvest cabbage when it reaches adequate size, depending upon variety and growing conditions. Firm heads are preferred to soft heads, especially for storage. Mature heads can be left on the plant in the garden for about two weeks in the summer and longer in the fall. Realize that the heads of some varieties are prone to cracking once mature. Cabbage can be stored in the refrigerator for one or two months.
