A Utah State University Extension horticulturist provides tips on how to successfully prune fruit trees.
Released March 7, 2008
LOGAN, Utah -- There is probably no gardening task that generates as much fear in home gardeners as fruit tree pruning. Because of this, many want to ignore the problem, but if ignored, it will only get worse. Consider these five tips that will help take the pain out of pruning fruit trees.
- Do it. Pruning is much like cutting hair. Even if it’s a hack job, it will more than likely grow back just fine. Pruning is as much an art as it is a science, and it simply takes practice.
- Remove all dead, diseased or broken branches. Branches that hang down below the horizon line, or “hangers,” are generally not productive and should be removed as well.
- Remove all suckers and water sprouts. Suckers grow from the base of the tree. Water sprouts are succulent growth from the previous year and usually shoot straight into the air from more established scaffold branches. Water sprouts compete for light. They are not productive and should be removed. They are best controlled in the summer when they are only 2 to 4 inches long. They can be easily removed by rubbing or breaking them.
- Know where the fruit is formed. Peaches are formed on last year’s branches. Apples, pears, cherries and plums are all found on short, stubby branches called spurs. Spurs typically are formed on wood that is 2 to 5 years old. Knowing where the fruit is formed helps determine what to prune as well as how harshly to prune. For example, peaches are found on year-old wood and should be pruned severely to stimulate enough growth this year to support fruit next year. Apples and other fruits that form on spurs are pruned less drastically to reduce the amount of vegetative growth or water sprouts.
- Let in the light. In order to form fruit, trees need optimal sun exposure. When leaves receive sun exposure, more carbohydrates are made. This sends more sugars to the fruit. Fruit trees that have shaded interiors are far less productive than those that receive proper sunlight.
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http://extension.usu.edu/htm/news/articleID=3406
Contact: Julene Reese, (435) 797-0810, julener@ext.usu.edu
