Based on three years of research at Carrington, North Dakota, fields should be rolled when soybean are fully emerged but before the first trifoliate stage to minimize plant injury. Rolling as the hypocotyl is emerging ("cracking" stage) or at and beyond the first trifoliate stage can significantly increase plant injury. The experiment indicated, however, that plant density and seed yield were not affected with any reasonable timing of the rolling operation (after planting to early vegetative stages) compared to the untreated check. Roll fields when the soil surface and soybean foliage is dry. Also, roll during the warmest portion of the day during sunny weather.
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