Groundwork is essentially any training done while not mounted. This can be a simple program or a very complex program. It involves teaching a horse to accept being touched, teaching him to lead and tie, allowing his feet to be picked up, and many other things. Lunging, liberty training, and line driving are examples. In order for the horse to be safe he needs to be taught to lead, back up, move his shoulder, and hip, and sidepass. These are the same concepts you will need when mounted. A system of pressure and release upon positive response is the key to success. Teaching to load in a trailer, to being clipped and bathed are other examples of good ground work.
