Studies have shown that you can mix your fertilizer and fire ant bait, but you must apply the mixture immediately after the mixing process for the greatest chance of success with this method. Fertilizer has the potential to reduce the attractiveness of fire ant baits.
If you cannot apply the bait-fertilizer mix right away, then apply the fertilizer and baits separately. For large areas, consider mounting a bait spreader along with the fertilizer spreader, and apply both materials in the same trip across the field.
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Find more information about fire ants in eXtension's Imported Fire Ant Resource Area.
