Regulations concerning vole control vary from state to state and, sometimes, even within regions of a state. Therefore, be sure to check local regulations before initiating any lethal control activities.
Voles can be controlled by trapping if the damage is over a limited area (less than an acre) and a sufficient number of traps are used (three per runway and/or hole). Set single mouse snap traps perpendicular to vole runways with the triggers in the runways, or set two traps together within the runway with the triggers facing away from each other. No bait is needed; if you prefer to use bait, peanut butter mixed with oatmeal can be placed on the trap triggers.
If you live in an area that has a lot of ant activity, a small amount of insecticide may be mixed with the peanut butter and oatmeal. Contact your local Extension office for insecticide recommendations.
Baited traps should be covered with a box with a 1-inch hole cut in it, to reduce attractiveness and access to birds and squirrels. Make sure the box is securely positioned and of sufficient size to allow free action of the snap trap. PVC pipe and cardboard milk cartons can make good enclosures.
Multiple-catch mouse traps have also been useful in catching voles, especially meadow and prairie voles. Several voles can be captured at one time, fewer traps are needed, and nontarget species can be released alive. Locate a trap near visible burrows and adjacent to vole trails. Place a small amount of seed material, either bird or grass, at both entrance points. If the location is correct, the trap(s) should contain a few voles in 24 hours. If you catch nothing after two fair-weather nights, move the trap to a new location.
Additional information on vole management can be found at:
Voles
Vole publication
