Thatch is a tightly intermingled organic layer of dead and living shoots, stems, and roots that develop between the green vegetation and soil surface. A little thatch can be beneficial since it helps moderate temperature extremes at the soil surface and provides a cushion effect. It is not usually a problem in normal or low maintenance lawns. The best way to avoid problems with thatch accumulation is to avoid excessive nitrogen fertilization, maintain a soil pH above 6.0, and irrigate when excessively dry during the summer.