What would be of even greater value would be to plant clover or any other "green manure" crop very thickly, so that the weeds are quickly smothered by their growth. You'll also be increasing the amount of organic matter in the soil. Before you till, first remove any obvious sources of weed seeds, such as last year's dried seed stalks, and dispose of them. Next, dig out as many perennial weeds, such as dandelion and plantain, and grasses as you can, making sure to get all the roots. Till thoroughly and sow the seed quite thickly. Water, if the soil is too dry for germination. You'll have to make a decision at some point about mowing the cover crop. For instance, clover is a perennial plant, so any seeds that are allowed to ripen may still be viable next spring when you decide to grow vegetables. You may consider two crops of buckwheat, for instance, mowing and tilling it each time, and leaving the garden neatly tilled and ready for next year's early season vegetables, such as carrots and peas. The important thing to keep in mind is that whatever you do, eliminating weeds is high on the list of what matters. By next fall, you will be ready to send in a soil sample to see what you will need to grow the best vegetables.

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