• Develop a proper pre-weaning vaccination procedure (vaccinating two to three weeks prior to weaning, followed by booster vaccinations at weaning).
• Eliminate commingling of cattle from various sources at weaning and shipment.
• Purchase source-verified cattle from herds with a known health history.
• Reduce stresses related to shipping and handling cattle.
• Observe freshly weaned calves or new arrivals at the lot several times daily. Watch cattle closely for signs of sickness. Isolate sick cattle in a separate pen.
• Develop a sound nutritional program for incoming cattle that will ensure they adapt easily to eating from a feed bunk. Poor nutrition can compromise the animal's ability to fight disease.