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What are perennial, annual, and biennial plants?

Last Updated: September 11, 2010

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Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and die). New growth forms from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level), or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes, and tubers. For more information, see Goat Plant Terms.

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