The more centralized the heating/air conditioning system to the area it is heating/cooling, the more efficient it is. A centralized location reduces the distance that air has to travel in duct work, so the air will remain hotter or cooler for a longer period of time. In addition, the location of the heating/air conditioning unit and the duct work also influences energy use. Locating units and duct work in an space that is heated or air conditioned instead of attic and crawlspace locations is much more efficient. For more information, see Energy Efficient Homes: The Duct System.
