The topsoil or organic layer of soils contains the majority of nutrients needed to help sustain prolonged plant growth. Its loss can result either from an increase in erosion or from changes in aridity in some areas. An increase in aridity can inhibit decomposition and nutrient cycling, decreasing plant productivity. Additionally, increased erosion during heavy rainfall events can deplete soils of organic material in a short period of time (Nearing et al. 2004). However, uncertainty exists when considering possible changes in biomass production and land use, which can both have significant impacts on the erosion rates in specific areas.
Nearing M.A., F.F. Pruski, and M.R. O’Neal. 2004. Expected climate change impacts on soil erosion rates: a review. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 59: 43-50.
