When working outdoors, you should always protect yourself from the harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sun. Over time, these UV rays damage the skin by making it less elastic and can lead to the development of skin cancers. In fact, about 90% of all skin cancers occur on sun-exposed skin. The American Academy of Dermatology suggests wearing a hat, sunglasses and protective clothing when you are exposed to the sun. Avoid deliberate sunbathing and use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 15 while in the sun. Apply sunscreen 20 minutes before going out into the sun and reapply it every 2 hours.

Another summertime concern is dehydration, or not having enough water in your body. When your body loses too much fluid, it begins to take fluid from the blood, which can lead to muscle cramps and even shock. Early symptoms of dehydration are dry mouth and sticky saliva, in addition to dark urine and reduced urine output. To reduce the risk of dehydration, drink plenty of fluids--water or sports drinks--especially when working outdoors in the heat. Avoid drinks containing caffeine and alcohol because they increase urine output and make you dehydrate more quickly. Should you start to have cramping or feel dizzy or fatigued, stop whatever activity you are doing and rest somewhere out of direct sunlight.

Everyone should be able to enjoy a sunny day. By taking a few simple precautions while in the sun, you won’t have to pay for your day of play.

For more information, the Environmental Protection Agency has a fact sheet about hot weather, older adults and caregving: http://epa.gov/aging/resources/factsheets/itdhpfehe_english_2007_10.pdf