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Pathogens

General Information

• USDA NRCS technical note (62 pages), is an in-depth reference on waterborne pathogens, control methods, and monitoring strategies.Waterborne Pathogens in Agricultural Watersheds
• Manitoba Agriculture and Food publication, Livestock Pathogens: a Natural Occurrence provides a question and answer format for reviewing basic information on pathogens, their characteristics. It provides an excellent summary of how long pathogens survive in the environment.
• USDA NRCS fact sheet (4 pages), Cryptosporidium and Giardia introduces characteristics of Crytosporidium and Giardia and management principles for a livestock operation.
• USDA NRCS fact sheet (4 pages), Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an introduction to characteristics of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and principles for managing these pathogens on a livestock operation.
• Manitoba Agriculture and Food Publication (4 pages), Understanding Microbial Resistance introduces use of antibiotics in livestock production that may contribute to resistance and practices that will minimize resistance development.

Human Health and Protection

• US Food and Drug Administration reference manual, Bad Bug Book, is an encyclopedia of pathogens.
• An American Veterinary Medical Association endorsed report, Compendium of Measures To Prevent Disease Associated with Animals in Public Settings provides standardized recommendations for minimizing risks associated with animals in public settings.

Best Management Practices

• New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets fact sheet (7 pages), AEM Tier 2 Worksheet, Water-Borne Pathogens, introduces a multiple barrier approach to control of pathogens based upon biosecurity, disease management, and runoff control.
• New York’s NRCS interim Pathogen Management standard is introduced in a paper titled An Evaluation of the New York NRCS Pathogen Management Interim Standard.
• Mindy Piechs and Sagar Goyal introduce opportunities for pathogen risk reduction in the animal, manure storage, and land application in the University of Minnesota publication Best Management Practices for Pathogen Control in Manure Management Systems.

Identifying the Source

• Environmental Pathogen Network sponsored by Purdue University hosts conferences and educational materials primarily focused on pathogen source tracking

Page Managers: Rick Koelsch, University of Nebraska, and Janice Ward, US Geological Survey