may be used for two different purposes: it may be intended to make the animal unconscious so another killing method may be used safely (called "stunning"), or it may be intended as a primary killing method, in which case it's usually referred to as a "lethal blow." All of the cautions that apply to cervical dislocation also apply to stunning and the use of a lethal blow.

A lethal blow is a quick, very forceful blow to the back of the head that is meant to kill the animal. It's appropriate for small animals, such as birds, rabbits, and small mammals (mice to squirrel size). The animal should be properly restrained so you can deliver the blow to the right location. Work on a hard surface. Lethal blows can be delivered using a penetrating captive bolt pistol. Although a lethal blow by itself may humanely kill the animal, it's best to use a second method to be absolutely sure.

Stunning is a less forceful blow delivered to the center of the head. The animal must be properly restrained to ensure the correct positioning of the blow. Once the animal is stunned unconscious, you can choose among several techniques to kill it (use of CO2 chamber, shooting, cervical dislocation, decapitation, exsanguination).